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精密模具配件沖頭如何進行材料選擇

   沖頭又叫沖針、頂針，是模具配件的一種，經常用于在五金沖壓模具以及塑膠(jiao)模具中，沖(chong)頭(tou)在工(gong)作的(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)，既要(yao)有硬(ying)度(du)(du)，又必(bi)須要(yao)有韌性。影響沖(chong)針(zhen)使用次數的(de)(de)(de)(de)因(yin)(yin)素有很多，那么(me)什(shen)么(me)材(cai)(cai)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)沖(chong)頭(tou)不(bu)容易(yi)斷呢？這也(ye)是做精(jing)密(mi)模具(ju)配件的(de)(de)(de)(de)企業一(yi)直(zhi)要(yao)致力解決的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題。盡管材(cai)(cai)質(zhi)是其(qi)中(zhong)比較(jiao)重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種，也(ye)并非決定性因(yin)(yin)素，沖(chong)針(zhen)不(bu)容易(yi)斷在材(cai)(cai)質(zhi)方面(mian)主要(yao)看材(cai)(cai)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)韌性和硬(ying)度(du)(du)，以硬(ying)度(du)(du)來(lai)說(shuo)，硬(ying)度(du)(du)高(gao)，沖(chong)針(zhen)會(hui)比較(jiao)耐磨，但(dan)過(guo)(guo)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)硬(ying)度(du)(du)會(hui)使得沖(chong)頭(tou)變脆，有易(yi)硬(ying)碰硬(ying)而崩掉的(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)能(neng)性，因(yin)(yin)此在加工(gong)生(sheng)產沖(chong)頭(tou)過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)，我們會(hui)先(xian)對材(cai)(cai)料進行(xing)熱(re)處理(li)，熱(re)處理(li)可(ke)以讓材(cai)(cai)質(zhi)達到相對合理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)硬(ying)度(du)(du)范圍內，從而保證沖(chong)針(zhen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)正常使用。

  沖頭(tou)在五金(jin)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓模具(ju)(ju)當中也叫、上模、陽模、等(deng),而沖(chong)(chong)(chong)頭(tou)又分為A型(xing)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)頭(tou)、T型(xing)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)頭(tou)、異型(xing)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)頭(tou)。沖(chong)(chong)(chong)頭(tou)是安(an)裝(zhuang)在上的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)屬(shu)零件(jian)，應用于與材(cai)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)直接接觸，使材(cai)料(liao)發生形變、裁切材(cai)料(liao)。模具(ju)(ju)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)頭(tou)一(yi)般采(cai)用高速鋼(gang)(gang)和等(deng)作為材(cai)質(zhi)，有高速鋼(gang)(gang)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)頭(tou)和鎢鋼(gang)(gang)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)頭(tou)等(deng),而高速鋼(gang)(gang)是最常用的(de)(de)(de)材(cai)質(zhi)，常用的(de)(de)(de)有、、asp23、skd11、skd51、等(deng)等(deng)，鎢鋼(gang)(gang)材(cai)質(zhi)一(yi)般用在要求較高的(de)(de)(de)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)剪模具(ju)(ju)上。

  沖頭一般是用于塑膠模具中。它又可以叫做頂(ding)針推桿、鑲(xiang)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、中(zhong)(zhong)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)，托針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)等，有(you)時(shi)候車(che)床用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)尖也被叫(jiao)做(zuo)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)。頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)在(zai)精密模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)配(pei)(pei)件(jian)加工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)有(you)：在(zai)塑膠(jiao)(jiao)模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)，將產(chan)品從模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)上(shang)分離下來，也是最常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)；硬質合金頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)如鎢(wu)鋼頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)等，則(ze)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)來通(tong)較(jiao)長較(jiao)細(xi)的(de)(de)(de)孔；裝(zhuang)配(pei)(pei)在(zai)車(che)床或(huo)者磨(mo)床上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)也叫(jiao)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)尖，是來支(zhi)持工(gong)件(jian)并使工(gong)件(jian)圍繞它(ta)轉動的(de)(de)(de)頭部圓錐形(xing)(xing)金屬棒，與(yu)模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)配(pei)(pei)件(jian)加工(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)是兩種截(jie)然不同的(de)(de)(de)物件(jian)。塑膠(jiao)(jiao)模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)也可(ke)以(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)里面，它(ta)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)起到(dao)穩固(gu)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，也被叫(jiao)做(zuo)鑲(xiang)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)。塑膠(jiao)(jiao)模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)的(de)(de)(de)種類有(you)：扁(bian)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、圓頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、托針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、標(biao)準頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)，非標(biao)準頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)等。扁(bian)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)也叫(jiao)扁(bian)銷，主要用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)塑料(liao)產(chan)品筋條(tiao)部分的(de)(de)(de)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)出，還有(you)就是長條(tiao)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)膠(jiao)(jiao)位，與(yu)圓頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)無法擺下的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候，我(wo)們選(xuan)擇用(yong)(yong)(yong)扁(bian)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)。在(zai)精密模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)配(pei)(pei)件(jian)加工(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)有(you)SKH51 SKD61 SKD11 等。